海洋環(huán)境硫酸鹽還原菌對(duì)金屬材料腐蝕機(jī)理的研究進(jìn)展
2021-05-19 01:05:23
hualin
摘要
硫酸鹽還原菌 （SRB） 是一類廣泛存在于自然環(huán)境中可以利用硫酸鹽類物質(zhì)作為呼吸代謝電子受體的厭氧類微生物，是造成金屬腐蝕破壞和設(shè)備故障的主要原因之一，已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)重要的研究課題。由于微生物活動(dòng)的復(fù)雜性，生物膜內(nèi)SRB與金屬表面的相互作用缺乏深入的研究，其誘導(dǎo)腐蝕機(jī)理和腐蝕過(guò)程尚不清楚，難以進(jìn)行有效的腐蝕預(yù)測(cè)?；诖?，本文從SRB生物膜的呼吸代謝角度介紹了其誘導(dǎo)金屬腐蝕的研究進(jìn)展。介紹了SRB的生態(tài)特征和厭氧呼吸過(guò)程，重點(diǎn)綜述了SRB腐蝕機(jī)理，包括陰極去極化、代謝產(chǎn)物腐蝕、濃差電池作用和胞外電子傳遞等理論，最后簡(jiǎn)要介紹了微生物腐蝕 （MIC） 研究的方法與技術(shù)手段。
關(guān)鍵詞： 微生物腐蝕 ; 硫酸鹽還原菌 ; 腐蝕機(jī)理
Abstract
Sulfate-reducing bacteria （SRB） are a group of diverse anaerobic microorganisms omnipresently in natural habitats and engineered environments, they use sulfur compounds as the electron acceptor for energy metabolism. SRB corrosion is one of major cause for corrosion damages and facility failures, making it an important research topic. Due to the complexity of microbiological activities and that there is a lack of deep understanding of the interaction between biofilms and metal surfaces in the present, therefore, it is still hard to predict and interpret the occurrence and the relevant mechanism of the SRB corrosion. In this review, the ecological characteristics and anaerobic respiration of SRB are introduced, focusing on the SRB corrosion mechanism, including cathodic depolarization, metabolite corrosion, concentration battery action, and extracellular electron transfer theories. Finally, the methods and tools of MIC research are briefly introduced.
Keywords： microbiological influenced corrosion ; SRB ; corrosion mechanism
